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Research Article | | Peer-Reviewed

Factors Associated with Mild Cognitive Impairment in Community-Dwelling Elderly Individuals: A Re-evaluation of Systematic Reviews

Yifan Cao,  Jin Wang,  Jia Xue,  Hansheng Ding*
Published in World Journal of Public Health (Volume 9, Issue 3)
Received: 10 May 2024     Accepted: 2 July 2024     Published: 8 July 2024
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Abstract

Objective This study aims to re-evaluate systematic reviews on factors associated with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in community-dwelling elderly individuals to inform prevention and intervention strategies in community settings. Methods Comprehensive searches were conducted across multiple databases, including CNKI, Wanfang Data, VIP Journal Integration Platform, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library, to identify systematic reviews on factors contributing to MCI in community-dwelling elderly individuals. Dual reviewers screened the literature, and the methodological quality was assessed using A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR 2). Relevant factors were summarized and analyzed. Results Eleven systematic reviews were included in the analysis. Of these, two were classified as high quality, two as low quality, and the remaining seven as very low quality. Protective factors against MCI included the consumption of tea, fish, and shellfish, physical exercise, and social participation. Risk factors encompassed a history of chronic diseases, depression, sleep disorders, smoking, and alcohol consumption. Conclusion The methodological quality of systematic reviews on factors associated with MCI in community-dwelling elderly individuals is generally low. MCI is closely linked to various aspects of physiological health, psychological health, dietary nutrition, and lifestyle behaviors. It is crucial to focus on high-risk groups, particularly the elderly and females, as well as individuals experiencing subjective cognitive decline, and conduct psychological screenings and assessments of dietary quality. These factors may serve as early indicators for MCI in community-dwelling elderly individuals.

Published in World Journal of Public Health (Volume 9, Issue 3)
DOI 10.11648/j.wjph.20240903.11
Page(s) 234-242
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group
Previous article
Keywords

Community-Dwelling, Elderly, Mild Cognitive Impairment, Systematic Review, MCI

1. Introduction
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a cognitive state that lies between normal aging and dementia. Over the past decade, the prevalence of MCI among the elderly in China has increased to approximately 20.8%, reflecting a growing public health concern exacerbated by the country's aging population
[1]
. MCI is strongly associated with severe cognitive disorders, such as dementia and Alzheimer's disease, and is also linked to mental health conditions like depression
[2]
and anxiety
[3]
. Once individuals progress from MCI to dementia, cognitive decline becomes irreversible. Currently, there are no effective treatments for MCI, underscoring the importance of identifying potential risk factors and implementing targeted interventions to delay disease progression and enhance the quality of life for the elderly.
In recent years, a substantial body of research has focused on the risk factors for MCI among community-dwelling elderly individuals. These studies aim to facilitate the early identification of high-risk populations and explore preventive strategies. However, due to the sporadic studies on the factors influencing MCI and varying findings among regions
[1, 4, 5]
, intervention studies targeting these factors have yet to reach a consensus
[6, 7]
. Re-evaluation of systematic reviews involves re-assessing previously published reviews to identify and correct biases or errors, yielding more reliable and accurate conclusions. This study aims to conduct a comprehensive re-evaluation of systematic reviews on the factors associated with MCI in community-dwelling elderly individuals, so as to provide robust references for the prevention and intervention of MCI within community setting.
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Literature Search Strategy
To investigate the factors associated with MCI in community-dwelling elderly individuals, we performed a comprehensive search across domestic and international databases, including CNKI, Wanfang Data, VIP Journal Integration Platform, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library. The search utilized a combination of controlled vocabulary and free-text terms, covering publications from the inception of each database up to October 31, 2023. For Chinese databases, search terms included "轻度认知障碍," "轻度认知功能障碍," "MCI," "轻度认知损害," "轻度认知功能损害," "影响因素," "相关因素," "危险因素," "保护因素," "高危因素," "老年人," "老年," "老人," "社区老年人," "社区老年人群," "社区居家老人," "社区居家老年人," "meta," "meta分析," and "meta-分析." For English databases, search terms included: "mild cognitive dysfunction," "cognitive dysfunction," "mild cognitive impairment," "MCI," "elderly," "elderly people," "aged people," "elderly person," "older adults," "older people," "elderly living at home," "elderly people living at home," "aged people living at home," "older adults living at home," "community elderly living at home," "elderly living in the community," "elderly people living in the community," "aged people living in the community," "older adults living in the community," "older people in the community," "community-dwelling elderly," "community-dwelling elderly people," "community-dwelling aged people," "community-dwelling older adults," "community-dwelling older people," "risk factors," "influence factors," "related factors," "protective factors," "hazard factors," "factors," "high-risk factor," "high-risk factors," "meta-analysis," "meta-analyses," and "systematic review." Taking PubMed as an example, the detailed search strategy is outlined in Table 1. The search strategies for other databases were adjusted to align with their specific requirements and indexing systems.
Table 1. PubMed database search strategy.

Step

Search Query

#1

("Cognitive Dysfunction" [Mesh]) OR (mild cognitive impairment [Title/Abstract]) OR (mild cognitive dysfunction [Title/Abstract]) OR (MCI [Title/Abstract]) OR (cognitive dysfunction [Title/Abstract])

#2

(elderly [Title/Abstract]) OR (elderly people [Title/Abstract]) OR (aged people [Title/Abstract]) OR (elderly person [Title/Abstract]) OR (older adult [Title/Abstract]) OR (older people [Title/Abstract]) OR (elderly living at home [Title/Abstract]) OR (elderly people living at home [Title/Abstract]) OR (aged people living at home [Title/Abstract]) OR (older adults living at home [Title/Abstract]) OR (community elderly living at home [Title/Abstract]) OR (elderly living in the community [Title/Abstract]) OR (elderly people living in the community [Title/Abstract]) OR (aged people living in the community [Title/Abstract]) OR (older adults living in the community [Title/Abstract]) OR (older people in the community [Title/Abstract]) OR (community-dwelling elderly [Title/Abstract]) OR (community-dwelling elderly people [Title/Abstract]) OR (community-dwelling aged people [Title/Abstract]) OR (community-dwelling older adults [Title/Abstract]) OR (community-dwelling older people [Title/Abstract])

#3

(risk factors [Title/Abstract]) OR (influence factors [Title/Abstract]) OR (related factors [Title/Abstract]) OR (protective factors [Title/Abstract]) OR (hazard factors [Title/Abstract]) OR (high-risk factors [Title/Abstract]) OR (factors [Title/Abstract])

#4

(meta-analysis [Title/Abstract]) OR (meta-analyses [Title/Abstract]) OR (systematic review [Title/Abstract])

#5

#1 AND #2 AND #3 AND #4
2.2. Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria
Inclusion criteria were set as follows: 1) Research involving community-dwelling elderly individuals or older adults, 2) studies where the primary outcome is MCI, or MCI is included as one of the outcome variables, 3) meta-analyses or systematic reviews with meta-analysis components, and 4) publications available in either Chinese or English. Exclusion criteria included: 1) Studies that are unrelated to the research topic, 2) traditional reviews, guidelines, and conference papers, 3) studies focusing on secondary cognitive impairments, dementia, or Alzheimer's disease, 4) research involving patients already diagnosed with MCI, dementia, or Alzheimer's disease, or 5) documents that are in the planning or proposal stages.
2.3. Data Extraction
All identified literature was imported into EndNote software for deduplication. Two researchers independently performed literature screening and data extraction. Extracted data included title, first author, publication date, types of included studies, number of studies included, identified influencing factors, quality assessment tools, statistical analysis metrics, and main conclusions. In cases of disagreement during data extraction, the researchers resolved the conflicts through discussion or by consulting a third expert.
2.4. Quality Assessment of the Literature
The methodological quality of the included studies was evaluated using AMSTAR 2 (A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews)
[8]
. AMSTAR 2 is an updated version of the original AMSTAR, encompassing 16 items designed to appraise systematic reviews. Each item is rated as yes (Y), no (N), or partially yes (P). A "no" (N) rating indicates non-compliance with the specific criterion. Of the 16 items, seven are deemed critical for the validity of a systematic review
[9]
.
3. Results
3.1. Literature Screening Process and Results
A comprehensive search of domestic and international databases yielded a total of 1158 meta-analyses related to the factors influencing MCI in community-dwelling elderly individuals. After importing these articles into literature management software and removing 221 duplicates, 937 unique articles remained. A screening process was then conducted, ultimately including 11 articles that met the study's inclusion criteria. Of these, 4 were published in Chinese and 7 in English. The detailed process of literature retrieval and screening is illustrated in Figure 1.
Figure 1. Flowchart of literature retrieval and screening.
3.2. Methodological Quality Assessment of Included Studies
The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using AMSTAR 2, which revealed variability in the quality of the reviews. Out of the 11 studies evaluated, two were classified as high quality, two as low quality, and the remaining seven as very low quality. Detailed results are provided in Table 2. All studies reported their funding sources, but only two studies detailed the list of excluded articles and the reasons for their exclusion. Common issues identified in more than half of the studies included incomplete reporting of the initial study design and limited search strategies.
Table 2. AMSTAR-2 quality assessment results.

Study

T1

T2

T3

T4

T5

T6

T7

T8

T9

T10

T11

T12

T13

T14

T15

T16

Quality Rating

Lau K10

Y

P

Y

P

Y

Y

Y

P

P

N

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

High

Lao Y11

Y

P

Y

Y

Y

Y

N

Y

P

N

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Low

Cao GY12

Y

N

Y

P

Y

Y

N

Y

P

N

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Very Low

Ma QP13

Y

N

Y

P

Y

Y

N

P

P

N

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Very Low

Hu MY14

Y

P

Y

P

Y

Y

N

Y

P

N

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Low

Zhu XX15

Y

N

Y

P

Y

Y

N

P

P

N

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Very Low

Zhang YF16

Y

N

Y

P

Y

Y

N

P

Y

N

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Very Low

Pei JY17

Y

N

Y

P

Y

Y

N

P

Y

N

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Very Low

Yuan LL18

Y

N

Y

P

Y

Y

N

P

Y

N

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

N

Very Low

Shang QQ19

Y

N

Y

P

Y

Y

N

P

Y

N

Y

Y

Y

Y

N

N

Very Low

Pike KE20

Y

P

Y

P

Y

Y

Y

Y

P

N

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

High
Note: Y: Yes (Compliant); N: No (Non-compliant); P: Partially compliant; Critical items: T2, T4, T7, T9, T11, and T15; T1: Detailed research question and inclusion criteria; T2: Presence of a review protocol and description of deviations from the protocol; T3: Specification of the types of studies included; T4: Comprehensive literature search; T5: Dual independent study selection; T6: Dual independent data extraction; T7: Provision of a list of excluded studies and reasons for exclusion; T8: Detailed description of included studies; T9: Use of appropriate tools to assess the risk of bias in included studies; T10: Reporting sources of funding for included studies; T11: Appropriate methods for statistical analysis and synthesis; T12: Assessment of the impact of risk of bias on the results; T13: Consideration of risk of bias in interpreting results; T14: Discussion and explanation of heterogeneity; T15: Assessment of publication bias; T16: Reporting of all potential conflicts of interest.
3.3. Factors Associated with MCI in Community-Dwelling Elderly Individuals
An analysis of the 11 included studies revealed various factors associated with MCI in community-dwelling elderly individuals. These factors spanned across physiological health, psychological health, dietary nutrition, and lifestyle behaviors. Identified protective factors included tea consumption, male gender, physical exercise, and social participation. Conversely, risk factors encompassed a history of chronic diseases, depression, sleep disorders, smoking, and alcohol consumption. Detailed information is presented in Table 3.
Table 3. Factors associated with MCI in community-dwelling elderly individuals.

First Author

Publication Year

Number of Studies Included

Sample Size

Quality Assessment Tool

Factor

Effect Size [95% Confidence Interval (95%CI)]

Main Conclusion

Lau K 10

2022

34

48017

The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale tool

Peripheral hearing impairment

RR=1.44 (1.27, 1.64)

Significant association between hearing loss and MCI

Lao Y11

2021

6

4244

The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale tool

Alcohol consumption

RR=1.038 (1.002, 1.075)

Each additional weekly drink increases MCI risk by 3.8%

Cao GY12

2019

9

23402

The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale tool

High saturated fat intake

RR=1.40 (1.002, 1.075)

Higher saturated fat intake is associated with an increased risk of MCI

Ma QP13

2016

26

52503

The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale tool

Tea consumption

OR=0.64 (0.52, 0.76)

Daily tea consumption is linked to a reduced risk of cognitive decline

Hu MY14

2020

13

33066

The Quality of Prognosis Studies in Systematic Reviews tool

Depression

RR=1.49 (1.13, 1.86)

Depression increases the risk of progressing to MCI by approximately 1.5 times

Zhu XX15

2018

6

19940

The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale tool

Sleep apnea

OR=2.44 (1.71, 3.49)

Baseline sleep apnea significantly increases the risk of cognitive decline

Zhang YF16

2023

49

The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale tool

Male gender

RR=0.778 (0.696, 0.870)

Protective factors against MCI include male gender, higher educational attainment, and regular exercise. Conversely, risk factors for MCI include advanced age, a family history of dementia, smoking, alcohol consumption, living alone, insomnia, overweight/obesity, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cerebrovascular disease

Education duration > 6 years

RR=0.428 (0.374, 0.490)

Regular exercise

RR=0.496 (0.421, 0.585)

Age ≥ 70 years

RR=2.431 (2.086, 2.833)

Family history of dementia

RR=3.228 (2.140, 4.867)

Smoking

RR=1.214 (1.098, 1.342)

Alcohol consumption

RR=1.165 (1.047, 1.297)

Living alone

RR=2.816 (2.123, 3.736)

Insomnia

RR=1.402 (1.093, 1.799)

Overweight/obesity

RR=1.431 (1.207, 1.696)

Hypertension

RR=1.731 (1.589, 1.886)

Hyperlipidemia

RR=1.722 (1.541, 1.924)

Diabetes

RR=1.495 (1.341, 1.666)

Cardiovascular disease

RR=1.671 (1.446, 1.932)

Cerebrovascular disease

RR=2.309 (2.040, 2.613)

Pei JY17

2021

31

95254

JBI critical appraisal tool

Advanced age

OR=2.01 (1.75, 2.31)

The occurrence of MCI in elderly Chinese individuals is influenced by multiple factors

Female gender

OR=1.46 (1.36, 1.58)

Low educational level

OR=1.81 (1.57, 2.09)

Being single

OR=1.90 (1.51, 2.39)

Living alone

OR=1.84 (1.49, 2.28)

Low income

OR=1.60 (1.49, 1.71)

Physical labor

OR=1.95 (1.58, 2.40)

No tea consumption

OR=6.76 (1.79, 25.52)

Alcohol consumption

OR=2.21 (1.91, 2.54)

Smoking

OR=1.78 (1.48, 2.13)

Not reading

OR=2.21 (1.34, 3.31)

Lack of physical exercise

OR=2.18 (1.68, 2.84)

Lack of social activities

OR=3.73 (1.70, 8.18)

Lack of hobbies

OR=2.84 (1.74, 4.64)

Depression

OR=1.93 (1.51, 2.47)

Cerebrovascular disease

OR=2.24 (1.44, 3.48)

Diabetes

OR=2.60 (1.68, 4.01)

Hypertension

OR=2.21 (1.77, 2.75)

Hyperlipidemia

OR=1.72 (1.33, 2.22)

Yuan LL18

2019

36

114941

The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale tool

Hypertension

OR=2.21 (1.77, 2.75)

Risk factors for MCI in community-dwelling elderly individuals include hypertension, diabetes, stroke, coronary heart disease, depression, alchol consumption, smoking, being unmarried or divorced, female gender and advanced age. Conversely, protective factors against MCI in community-dwelling elderly individuals include tea consumption, physical exercise, engaging in learning or reading, active social participation, high family income, and high educational level

Diabetes

OR=1.61 (1.23, 2.12)

Stroke

OR=2.00 (1.70, 2.36)

Coronary heart disease

OR=1.35 (1.11, 1.63)

Depression

OR=1.65 (1.29, 2.11)

Alcohol consumption

OR=1.56 (1.22, 1.99)

Smoking

OR=1.59 (1.14, 2.20)

Tea consumption

OR=0.81 (0.71, 0.92)

Physical exercise

OR=0.60 (0.47, 0.78)

Engaging in learning or reading

OR=0.60 (0.44, 0.81)

Active social participation

OR=0.67 (0.52, 0.86)

Being unmarried or divorced

OR=1.46 (1.30, 1.65)

High family income

OR=0.59 (0.46, 0.77)

Female gender

OR=1.42 (1.07, 1.89)

Advanced age

OR=1.27 (1.20, 1.34)

Low educational level

OR=0.69 (0.59, 0.80)

Shang QQ19

2022

11

12238

The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale tool and AHRQ quality indicators

Frequent consumption of eggs

OR=0.71 (0.53, 0.95)

Frequent consumption of eggs, fish and shellfish, fruits, and regular tea drinking are potential protective factors against MCI in the elderly

Frequent consumption of fish and shellfish

OR=0.65 (0.54, 0.78)

Frequent consumption of fruits

OR=0.61 (0.47, 0.79)

Regular tea drinking

OR=0.54 (0.34, 0.87)

Pike KE20

2022

46

NA

The QUADAS-2 tool

Subjective cognitive decline

OR=1.83 (1.56, 2.16)

Subjective cognitive decline is associated with an increased risk of MCI
Note: JBI: Joanna Briggs Institute, NA: not available, AHRQ: The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, QUADAS: the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies, OR: odds ratio, RR: relative risk, CI: confidence interval.
4. Discussion
This re-evaluation of systematic reviews on factors associated with MCI in community-dwelling elderly individuals indicated that the methodological quality of these reviews was generally suboptimal, with several criteria failing to meet evaluation standards. A synthesis of related factors demonstrated that the incidence of MCI was intricately linked to physiological health, psychological health, dietary nutrition, and lifestyle behaviors.
4.1. Physiological Factors
Six studies
[10, 15-18, 20]
assessed the physiological factors associated with MCI. Cognitive functions, including memory, learning, decision-making, and attention, tend to decline with age, necessitating the monitoring of cognitive changes in elderly populations. Gender analysis reveals that being male serves as a protective factor, whereas being female constitutes a risk factor. Studies suggest that MCI prevalence is generally higher in women
[21]
, potentially due to lower educational levels and hormonal changes during menopause
[17]
.
Chronic diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia are significant risk factors for MCI. These conditions can adversely affect cognitive function through mechanisms such as chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, and accelerated neurodegeneration
[22]
. Furthermore, the management and treatment of chronic diseases may impact cognitive function, with factors such as medication side effects, chronic pain, and sleep disorders
[15]
playing contributory roles. There is a notable association between age-related hearing impairment and MCI, potentially explained by cognitive decline due to impaired communication abilities. Subjective cognitive decline, characterized by individuals perceiving memory deterioration despite normal objective memory tests, is also an early indicator of Alzheimer's disease. The results of this study also revealed that subjective cognitive decline was a risk factor for MCI. Therefore, memory impairment may become an early indicator for MCI.
4.2. Psychological Factors
Three studies
[14, 17, 18]
evaluated the relationship between depression and MCI. Depression is a prevalent mental health issue among MCI patients, and there may be a bidirectional relationship between depression and cognitive disorders. Approximately 40% of MCI patients experience depression
[2]
. One study evaluating the relationship between dementia status and the risk of depression in individuals aged 60 and above found that the incidence of depression was significantly higher in dementia patients compared with that in non-dementia individuals
[23]
. Therefore, screening for psychological health issues in the elderly is crucial for identifying high-risk populations for MCI.
4.3. Dietary Nutrition-related Factors
Seven studies
[11-13, 16-19]
evaluated dietary nutrition-related factors associated with the risk of MCI. Tea consumption emerges as a significant protective factor due to its high content of phytochemicals, such as tea polyphenols and catechins, which possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties beneficial for cognitive function. Eggs provide essential proteins that supply the amino acids, such as tryptophan, necessary for neural activities. Fish and shellfish are rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids that reduce pro-inflammatory cytokines, lowering the risk of progression from MCI to severe cognitive impairment
[24]
. One study analyzed the relationship between the intake of fruits and vegetables and the risk of developing MCI, concluding that higher consumption was associated with a reduced prevalence of MCI in the elderly
[25]
. Fruits, rich in vitamins and trace elements such as vitamin B9, play a vital role in cognitive function by influencing the secretion of serotonin in the brain. This finding underscores the critical link between the quality of dietary nutrition and the incidence of MCI among the elderly.
4.4. Lifestyle Behavior-related Factors
Three studies
[16-18]
assessed the relationship between lifestyle behaviors and the risk of MCI. Physical exercise, learning or reading, and social participation are protective factors against MCI in community-dwelling elderly individuals. Moderate exercise enhances cardiopulmonary function and improves the brain's oxygen and nutrient supply, benefiting cognitive functions. Engaging in learning and reading stimulates neural networks, improving memory and cognitive processes, thereby mitigating brain aging. Social participation reduces feelings of loneliness, preventing psychological disorders and cognitive decline.
5. Conclusion
In conclusion, this study re-evaluated the systematic reviews on factors associated with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in community-dwelling elderly individuals. The results indicate a significant correlation between the occurrence of MCI and factors such as physiological health, psychological health, dietary nutrition, and lifestyle behaviors. It is critical to pay attention to high-risk groups, particularly the elderly and females, as well as individuals experiencing subjective cognitive decline, and to conduct screenings for psychological health issues and assessments of dietary quality, as these factors may serve as early indicators for MCI in community-dwelling elderly individuals. However, the methodological quality of the included studies is generally low, which compromises the reliability of the findings. Future research should focus on improving study design and reporting objective information to enhance methodological rigor. This effort will provide a more robust and accurate basis for the early detection of MCI among community-dwelling elderly populations.
Abbreviations

AHRQ

The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality

AMSTAR

A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Review

CI

Confidence Interval

CNKI

China National Knowledge Infrastructure

JBI

Joanna Briggs Institute

MCI

Mild Cognitive Impairment

NA

Not Available

OR

Odds Ratio

QUADAS

The Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies

RR

Relative Risk
Funding
This study was supported by the Special Clinical Research Project of the Shanghai Municipal Health Commission (Grant No. 20204Y0504) and the Medical Research Project of Jing'an District, Shanghai (Grant No. 2021SQ02).
Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
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    Cao, Y., Wang, J., Xue, J., Ding, H. (2024). Factors Associated with Mild Cognitive Impairment in Community-Dwelling Elderly Individuals: A Re-evaluation of Systematic Reviews. World Journal of Public Health, 9(3), 234-242. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wjph.20240903.11

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    ACS Style

    Cao, Y.; Wang, J.; Xue, J.; Ding, H. Factors Associated with Mild Cognitive Impairment in Community-Dwelling Elderly Individuals: A Re-evaluation of Systematic Reviews. World J. Public Health 2024, 9(3), 234-242. doi: 10.11648/j.wjph.20240903.11

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    AMA Style

    Cao Y, Wang J, Xue J, Ding H. Factors Associated with Mild Cognitive Impairment in Community-Dwelling Elderly Individuals: A Re-evaluation of Systematic Reviews. World J Public Health. 2024;9(3):234-242. doi: 10.11648/j.wjph.20240903.11

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  • @article{10.11648/j.wjph.20240903.11,
  author = {Yifan Cao and Jin Wang and Jia Xue and Hansheng Ding},
  title = {Factors Associated with Mild Cognitive Impairment in Community-Dwelling Elderly Individuals: A Re-evaluation of Systematic Reviews
},
  journal = {World Journal of Public Health},
  volume = {9},
  number = {3},
  pages = {234-242},
  doi = {10.11648/j.wjph.20240903.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wjph.20240903.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.wjph.20240903.11},
  abstract = {Objective This study aims to re-evaluate systematic reviews on factors associated with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in community-dwelling elderly individuals to inform prevention and intervention strategies in community settings. Methods Comprehensive searches were conducted across multiple databases, including CNKI, Wanfang Data, VIP Journal Integration Platform, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library, to identify systematic reviews on factors contributing to MCI in community-dwelling elderly individuals. Dual reviewers screened the literature, and the methodological quality was assessed using A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR 2). Relevant factors were summarized and analyzed. Results Eleven systematic reviews were included in the analysis. Of these, two were classified as high quality, two as low quality, and the remaining seven as very low quality. Protective factors against MCI included the consumption of tea, fish, and shellfish, physical exercise, and social participation. Risk factors encompassed a history of chronic diseases, depression, sleep disorders, smoking, and alcohol consumption. Conclusion The methodological quality of systematic reviews on factors associated with MCI in community-dwelling elderly individuals is generally low. MCI is closely linked to various aspects of physiological health, psychological health, dietary nutrition, and lifestyle behaviors. It is crucial to focus on high-risk groups, particularly the elderly and females, as well as individuals experiencing subjective cognitive decline, and conduct psychological screenings and assessments of dietary quality. These factors may serve as early indicators for MCI in community-dwelling elderly individuals.
},
 year = {2024}
}

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  • TY  - JOUR
T1  - Factors Associated with Mild Cognitive Impairment in Community-Dwelling Elderly Individuals: A Re-evaluation of Systematic Reviews

AU  - Yifan Cao
AU  - Jin Wang
AU  - Jia Xue
AU  - Hansheng Ding
Y1  - 2024/07/08
PY  - 2024
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wjph.20240903.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.wjph.20240903.11
T2  - World Journal of Public Health
JF  - World Journal of Public Health
JO  - World Journal of Public Health
SP  - 234
EP  - 242
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2637-6059
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wjph.20240903.11
AB  - Objective This study aims to re-evaluate systematic reviews on factors associated with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in community-dwelling elderly individuals to inform prevention and intervention strategies in community settings. Methods Comprehensive searches were conducted across multiple databases, including CNKI, Wanfang Data, VIP Journal Integration Platform, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library, to identify systematic reviews on factors contributing to MCI in community-dwelling elderly individuals. Dual reviewers screened the literature, and the methodological quality was assessed using A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR 2). Relevant factors were summarized and analyzed. Results Eleven systematic reviews were included in the analysis. Of these, two were classified as high quality, two as low quality, and the remaining seven as very low quality. Protective factors against MCI included the consumption of tea, fish, and shellfish, physical exercise, and social participation. Risk factors encompassed a history of chronic diseases, depression, sleep disorders, smoking, and alcohol consumption. Conclusion The methodological quality of systematic reviews on factors associated with MCI in community-dwelling elderly individuals is generally low. MCI is closely linked to various aspects of physiological health, psychological health, dietary nutrition, and lifestyle behaviors. It is crucial to focus on high-risk groups, particularly the elderly and females, as well as individuals experiencing subjective cognitive decline, and conduct psychological screenings and assessments of dietary quality. These factors may serve as early indicators for MCI in community-dwelling elderly individuals.

VL  - 9
IS  - 3
ER  -

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Author Information

  • Yifan Cao

    Shanghai Health Development Research Center (Shanghai Medical Information Center), Shanghai, China

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  • Jin Wang

    Shanghai Health Development Research Center (Shanghai Medical Information Center), Shanghai, China

    Contact Email

  • Jia Xue

    Shanghai Health Development Research Center (Shanghai Medical Information Center), Shanghai, China

    Contact Email

  • Hansheng Ding

    Shanghai Health Development Research Center (Shanghai Medical Information Center), Shanghai, China

    Contact Email

    http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3279-9964

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    1. 1. Introduction
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