The genomic asymmetry in the nonrandom retention and expression of controlling genes for some traits from one parental diploid is obvious in some natural and synthetic allopolyploids, and has the evolutionary implications. Here we review the genomic asymmetry for the morphological performance in three cultivated Brassica allotetraploids and some intergeneric allopolyploids within Brassicaceae species. For the phenotypic biases of Brassica allotetraploids, Brassica oleracea (genomes CC) is dominant over B. nigra (BB) and B. rapa (AA) in B. carinata (CCBB) and B. napus (CCAA), respectively, and B. nigra is dominant over B. rapa in B. juncea (BBAA), showing the C>B>A dominance hierarchy. However, the morphology of several Brassica species including B. oleracea at top dominance is largely recessive in their intergeneric hybrids and allopolyploids with other crucifers, such as Raphanus sativus, Orychophragmus violaceus. The morphology of Arabidopsis thaliana is also recessive in its two allotetraploids. Among the dominant features, the leaf serration is expressed consistently in these intergeneric and Arabidopsis allopolyploids. The phenotype expression of the recessive diploid is subject to the euploidy or aneuploidy state of its genome, and the dominant traits are still mostly expressed in the aneuploidy state of their genome. The morphological biases in these allopolyploids are discussed in the contexts of the genomic structure and interplay.
| Published in | Journal of Plant Sciences (Volume 9, Issue 6) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.jps.20210906.18 |
| Page(s) | 323-328 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Genomic Asymmetry, Allopolyploids, Brassicaceae, Morphology, Phenotypic Dominance
| [1] | Feldman, M., Levy, A., Fahima, T., Korol, A. (2012). Genomic asymmetry in allopolyploid plants: wheat as a model. J. Exp. Bot. 63, 5045–5059. |
| [2] | Pikaard, C. S. (2000). The epigenetics of nucleolar dominance. Trends Genet., 16, 495–500. |
| [3] | Chen, Z. J., Pikaard, C. S. (1997). Transcriptional analysis of nucleolar dominance in polyploid plants: biased expression silencing of progenitor rRNA genes is developmentally regulated in Brassica. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 94, 3442–3447. |
| [4] | Cui, C., Ge, X. H., Gautam, M., Kang, L., Li, Z. Y. (2012). Cytoplasmic and genomic effects on meiotic pairing in Brassica hybrids and allotetraploids from pair crosses of three cultivated diploids. Genetics, 191, 725–738. |
| [5] | Zhu, B., Tu, Y. Q., Zeng, P., Ge, X. H., Li, Z. Y. (2016). Extraction of the constituent subgenomes of the natural allopolyploid rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). Genetics, 204, 1015–1027. |
| [6] | Chalhoub, B., Denoeud, F., Liu, S., Parkin, I. A., Tang, H., et al. (2014). Early allopolyploid evolution in the post-Neolithic Brassica napus oilseed genome. Science, 345, 950–953. |
| [7] | Ge, X. H., Wang, J., Li, Z. Y. (2009). Different genome-specific chromosome stabilities in synthetic Brassica allohexaploids revealed by wide crosses with Orychophragms. Ann. Bot., 104, 19-31. |
| [8] | Zhang, K. N., Mason, A. S., Farooq, M. A., Islam, F., Quezada-Martinez, D., Hu, D. D., Yang, S., Zou, J., Zhou, W. J. (2021). Challenges and prospects for a potential allohexaploid Brassica crop. Theor. Appl. Genet., 134, 2711–2726. |
| [9] | Zhou, J. N., Chen, T., Cui, C., Ge, X. H., Li, Z. Y. (2016). Distinct subgenome stabilities in synthesized Brassica allohexaploids. Theor. Appl. Genet., 129, 1257-1271. |
| [10] | Pradhan, A., Plummer, J. A., Nelson, M. N., Cowling, W. A., Yan, G. J. (2010). Successful induction of trigenomic hexaploid Brassica from a triploid hybrid of B. napus L. and B. nigra (L.) Koch. Euphytica, 176, 87–98. |
| [11] | Lee, S. S., Lee, S. A., Yang, J. M., Kim, J. (2011). Developing stable progenies of x Brassicoraphanus, an intergeneric allopolyploid between Brassica rapa and Raphanus sativus, through induced mutation using microspore culture. Theor. Appl. Genet., 122, 885–891. |
| [12] | Tu, Y. Q., Sun, J., Liu, Y., Ge, X. H., Zhao, Z. G., Yao, X. C., Li, Z. Y. (2008). Production and characterization of intertribal somatic hybrids of Raphanus sativus and Brassica rapa with dye and medicinal plant Isatis indigotica. Plant Cell Rep., 27, 873-883. |
| [13] | Zhao, Z. G., Hu, T. T., Ge, X. H., Du, X. Z., Ding, L., Li, Z. Y. (2008). Production and characterization of intergeneric somatic hybrids between Brassica napus and Orychophragmus violaceus and their backcrossing progenies. Plant Cell Rep., 27, 1611–1621. |
| [14] | Li, Z. Y., Heneen, W. K. (1999). Production and cytogenetics of intergeneric hybrids between the three cultivated Brassica diploids and Orychophragmus violaceus. Theor. Appl. Genet., 99, 694-704. |
| [15] | Ding, L., Zhao, Z. G., Ge, X. H., Li, Z. Y. (2013). Intergeneric addition and substitution of Brassica napus with different chromosomes from Orychophragmus violaceus: phenotype and cytology. Sci. Hortic., 164, 303–309. |
| [16] | Wang, J. L., Tian, L., Lee, H. S., Wei, N. E., Jiang, H., Watson, B., Madlung, A., Osborn, T. C., Doerge, R. W., Comai. L., Chen, Z. J. (2006). Genomewide nonadditive gene regulation in Arabidopsis allotetraploids. Genetics, 172, 507–517. |
| [17] | Beaulieu, J., Jean, M., Belzile, F. (2019). The allotetraploid Arabidopsis thaliana -Arabidopsis lyrata subsp petraea as an alternative model system for the study of polyploidy in plants. Mol. Genet. Genomics, 281, 421–435. |
| [18] | Tan, C., Cui, C., Xiang, Y., Ge, X. H., Li, Z. Y. (2017). Development of Brassica oleracea-nigra monosomic alien addition lines: genotypic, cytological and morphological analyses. Theor. Appl. Genet., 130, 2491–2504. |
| [19] | Yang, J. H., Liu, D. Y., Wang, X. W., Ji, C. M., Cheng, F., Liu, B. N., Hu, Z. Y., Chen, S., Pental, D., Ju, Y. H., Yao, P., Li, X. M., Xie, K., Zhang, J. H., Wang, J. L., Liu, F., Ma, W. W., Shopan, J., Zheng, H. K., Mackenzie, S. A., Zhang, M. F. (2016). The genome sequence of allopolyploid Brassica juncea and analysis of differential homoeologous gene expression influencing selection. Nat. Genet., 48, 1225-1232. |
| [20] | Song, X. M., Wei, Y. P., Xiao, D., Gong, K., Sun, P. C. (2021). Brassica carinata genome characterization clarifies U’s triangle model of evolution and polyploidy in Brassica. Plant Physiol., 186, 388–406. |
| [21] | Bird, K. A., VanBuren, R., Puzey, J. R., Edger, P. P. (2018). The causes and consequences of subgenome dominance in hybrids and recent polyploids. New Phytol., 220, 87–93. |
| [22] | Bottani, S., Zabet, N. R., Wendel, J. F. (2018). Gene expression dominance in allopolyploids: Hypotheses and models. Trends Plant Sci., 23, 393-402. |
| [23] | Liu, S., Liu, Y. M., Yang, X. H., Tong, C. b., Edwards, D., et al. (2014). The Brassica oleracea genome reveals the asymmetrical evolution of polyploid genomes. Nat. Commun., 5, 3930. |
| [24] | Perumal, S., Koh, C. S., Jin, L., Buchwaldt, M., Higgins, E. E., Zheng, C. F., Sankoff. D., Robinson, S. J., Kagale, S., Navabi, Z., Tang, L. L., Horner, K. N., He, Z. S., Bancroft, I., Chalhoub, B., Sharpe, A. G., Parkin, I. A. P. (2020). High contiguity long read assembly of Brassica nigra allows localization of active centromeres and provides insights into the ancestral Brassica genome. Nat. Plants, 6, 929-941. |
| [25] | Zhang, L., Cai, X., Wu, J., Liu, M., Grob, S., et al. (2018). Improved Brassica rapa reference genome by single-molecule sequencing and chromosome conformation capture technologies. Hortic. Res., 5, 50. |
| [26] | Mitsui, Y., Shimomura, M., Komatsu, K., Namiki, N., Shibata-Hatta, M., Imai, M., Katayose, Y., Mukai, Y., Kanamori, H., Kurita, K. (2015). The radish genome and comprehensive gene expression profile of tuberous root formation and development. Sci. Rep., 5, 10835. |
| [27] | Hua, Y. W., Liu, M., Li, Z. Y. (2006). Parental genome separation and elimination of cells and chromosomes revealed by GISH and AFLP analysis in intergeneric hybrids between Brassica carinata and Orychophragmus violaceus. Ann. Bot., 97, 993-998. |
| [28] | Bar, M., Ori, N. (2014). Leaf development and morphogenesis. Development, 141, 4219–4230. |
| [29] | Fouracre, J. P., Poethig, R. S. (2016). The role of small RNAs in vegetative shoot development. Curr. Opin. Plant Biol., 29, 64–72. |
| [30] | Nikolov, L. A., Runions, A., Gupta, M. D., Tsiantis, M. (2019). Leaf development and evolution. Curr. Top Dev. Biol., 131, 109–13. |
APA Style
Yujiao Shao, Pan Zeng, He Fei-fei, Zaiyun Li. (2021). Genomic Asymmetry for Morphology in Allopolyploids Within and out of Brassica. Journal of Plant Sciences, 9(6), 323-328. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jps.20210906.18
ACS Style
Yujiao Shao; Pan Zeng; He Fei-fei; Zaiyun Li. Genomic Asymmetry for Morphology in Allopolyploids Within and out of Brassica. J. Plant Sci. 2021, 9(6), 323-328. doi: 10.11648/j.jps.20210906.18
AMA Style
Yujiao Shao, Pan Zeng, He Fei-fei, Zaiyun Li. Genomic Asymmetry for Morphology in Allopolyploids Within and out of Brassica. J Plant Sci. 2021;9(6):323-328. doi: 10.11648/j.jps.20210906.18
Share This Article
Twitter
Linked In
Facebook
Copy
Download@article{10.11648/j.jps.20210906.18,
author = {Yujiao Shao and Pan Zeng and He Fei-fei and Zaiyun Li},
title = {Genomic Asymmetry for Morphology in Allopolyploids Within and out of Brassica},
journal = {Journal of Plant Sciences},
volume = {9},
number = {6},
pages = {323-328},
doi = {10.11648/j.jps.20210906.18},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jps.20210906.18},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jps.20210906.18},
abstract = {The genomic asymmetry in the nonrandom retention and expression of controlling genes for some traits from one parental diploid is obvious in some natural and synthetic allopolyploids, and has the evolutionary implications. Here we review the genomic asymmetry for the morphological performance in three cultivated Brassica allotetraploids and some intergeneric allopolyploids within Brassicaceae species. For the phenotypic biases of Brassica allotetraploids, Brassica oleracea (genomes CC) is dominant over B. nigra (BB) and B. rapa (AA) in B. carinata (CCBB) and B. napus (CCAA), respectively, and B. nigra is dominant over B. rapa in B. juncea (BBAA), showing the C>B>A dominance hierarchy. However, the morphology of several Brassica species including B. oleracea at top dominance is largely recessive in their intergeneric hybrids and allopolyploids with other crucifers, such as Raphanus sativus, Orychophragmus violaceus. The morphology of Arabidopsis thaliana is also recessive in its two allotetraploids. Among the dominant features, the leaf serration is expressed consistently in these intergeneric and Arabidopsis allopolyploids. The phenotype expression of the recessive diploid is subject to the euploidy or aneuploidy state of its genome, and the dominant traits are still mostly expressed in the aneuploidy state of their genome. The morphological biases in these allopolyploids are discussed in the contexts of the genomic structure and interplay.},
year = {2021}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - Genomic Asymmetry for Morphology in Allopolyploids Within and out of Brassica AU - Yujiao Shao AU - Pan Zeng AU - He Fei-fei AU - Zaiyun Li Y1 - 2021/12/29 PY - 2021 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jps.20210906.18 DO - 10.11648/j.jps.20210906.18 T2 - Journal of Plant Sciences JF - Journal of Plant Sciences JO - Journal of Plant Sciences SP - 323 EP - 328 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2331-0731 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jps.20210906.18 AB - The genomic asymmetry in the nonrandom retention and expression of controlling genes for some traits from one parental diploid is obvious in some natural and synthetic allopolyploids, and has the evolutionary implications. Here we review the genomic asymmetry for the morphological performance in three cultivated Brassica allotetraploids and some intergeneric allopolyploids within Brassicaceae species. For the phenotypic biases of Brassica allotetraploids, Brassica oleracea (genomes CC) is dominant over B. nigra (BB) and B. rapa (AA) in B. carinata (CCBB) and B. napus (CCAA), respectively, and B. nigra is dominant over B. rapa in B. juncea (BBAA), showing the C>B>A dominance hierarchy. However, the morphology of several Brassica species including B. oleracea at top dominance is largely recessive in their intergeneric hybrids and allopolyploids with other crucifers, such as Raphanus sativus, Orychophragmus violaceus. The morphology of Arabidopsis thaliana is also recessive in its two allotetraploids. Among the dominant features, the leaf serration is expressed consistently in these intergeneric and Arabidopsis allopolyploids. The phenotype expression of the recessive diploid is subject to the euploidy or aneuploidy state of its genome, and the dominant traits are still mostly expressed in the aneuploidy state of their genome. The morphological biases in these allopolyploids are discussed in the contexts of the genomic structure and interplay. VL - 9 IS - 6 ER -
Email: