Phenotypic Variability in Germplasm Collection of African Yam (<i>Dioscorea</i> spp) in North Central Nigeria

Tanko Thomas; Olamide Ahmed Falusi; Oladipupo Abdulazeez Yusuf Daudu; Matthew Omoniyi Adebola; Abdulhakeem Abubakar

doi:doi:10.11648/j.jps.20210906.14

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Phenotypic Variability in Germplasm Collection of African Yam (Dioscorea spp) in North Central Nigeria

Tanko Thomas, Olamide Ahmed Falusi, Oladipupo Abdulazeez Yusuf Daudu, Matthew Omoniyi Adebola, Abdulhakeem Abubakar

Published in Journal of Plant Sciences (Volume 9, Issue 6)

Received: 21 October 2021 Accepted: 13 November 2021 Published: 23 November 2021

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Abstract

Yams (Dioscorea spp) are staple food crops of the people in tropical and subtropical region of the world. The crop consists of approximately 600 species. These species are threatened by genetic erosion due to several factors such as pest and diseases attack, inadequate improved varieties and dearth of germplasm collection and conservation. On this premise, this research was carried out to collect and manage the available germplasm in North-Central Nigeria. Fifty accessions of yam (Dioscorea spp) were collected from adaptable farmers’ varieties. These were evaluated according to standard descriptors of yam into four (4) species (D. alata, D. bulbifera, D. dumetorum and D. rotundata). The highest germplasm (21) was recorded in Niger state, which was dominated by white yam (D. rotundata). This was followed by Benue state with twenty (20) accessions. Others are three (3) accesssions each from FCT and Kogi State, then two (2) accessions each from Nasarawa and Kwara States. Of the 50 accessions of yam collected, 40% (20) are rare landraces and are at the brim of becoming extinct locally. Phenotypic observation revealed that tuber skin colour varies from light-brown, through dark and milk spotted to dark and dark-brown. The most dominate of these were dark-brown with 60% of the accessions, this was followed by light-brown and the least were 6% which was recorded for dark-milk spotted accessions. Similarly, tuber shape showed that cylindrical dominated with 80% of the accessions and the least was snake shape with only 4% of the accessions. These findings have given some insights on the available germplasm of yam in North-central Nigeria with promising traits. However, there is for a promising approach of characterisation of the crop species in the area for the improvement, conservation and breeding programme of yam in the future.

Published in	Journal of Plant Sciences (Volume 9, Issue 6)
DOI	10.11648/j.jps.20210906.14
Page(s)	299-304
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Accessions, Germplasm, Landraces, Yam Tubers

References

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[4]	Norman, O. E., Tongoona, P., Danson, J. & Shanahan, P. E. (2011). Molecular Characterization of some Cultivated Yam (Dioscorea spp) in two Agro-Ecological Zone of Cameroon. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Science 3, 8, 22650273.
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[14]	World Data Atlas Nigeria Rankings Agriculture (2020). Production of Yam, 1000 metric tons. https://knoema.com/atlas/Nigeria/ranks/Production-of-Yam.
[15]	Magwé-Tindo, J., Zapfack, L. & Sonké, B. (2016). Diversity of wild yams (Dioscorea spp., Dioscoreaceae) collected in continental Africa. Biodiversity and Conservation, 25, 77–91. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-015-1031-4.
[16]	Mulualem, T., Mekbib, F., Hussein, S., & Gebre, E. (2019). Phenotypic Variability and Evaluation of Yam (Dioscorea spp.) Landraces from Southwest Ethiopia by Multivariate Analysis. Research Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry. 11 (2).
[17]	Penet, V., Cornet, D., Blazy, J. M., Alleyne, A., Barthe, E., Bussière, F., Guyader, S., Pavis, C., & Pétro D. (2016) Varietal Dynamics and Yam Agro-Diversity Demonstrate Complex Trajectories Intersecting Farmers’ Strategies, Networks, and Disease Experience. Frontier Plant Science, 7, 1962. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01962.

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Tanko Thomas, Olamide Ahmed Falusi, Oladipupo Abdulazeez Yusuf Daudu, Matthew Omoniyi Adebola, Abdulhakeem Abubakar. (2021). Phenotypic Variability in Germplasm Collection of African Yam (Dioscorea spp) in North Central Nigeria. Journal of Plant Sciences, 9(6), 299-304. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jps.20210906.14

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ACS Style

Tanko Thomas; Olamide Ahmed Falusi; Oladipupo Abdulazeez Yusuf Daudu; Matthew Omoniyi Adebola; Abdulhakeem Abubakar. Phenotypic Variability in Germplasm Collection of African Yam (Dioscorea spp) in North Central Nigeria. J. Plant Sci. 2021, 9(6), 299-304. doi: 10.11648/j.jps.20210906.14

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AMA Style

Tanko Thomas, Olamide Ahmed Falusi, Oladipupo Abdulazeez Yusuf Daudu, Matthew Omoniyi Adebola, Abdulhakeem Abubakar. Phenotypic Variability in Germplasm Collection of African Yam (Dioscorea spp) in North Central Nigeria. J Plant Sci. 2021;9(6):299-304. doi: 10.11648/j.jps.20210906.14

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@article{10.11648/j.jps.20210906.14,
  author = {Tanko Thomas and Olamide Ahmed Falusi and Oladipupo Abdulazeez Yusuf Daudu and Matthew Omoniyi Adebola and Abdulhakeem Abubakar},
  title = {Phenotypic Variability in Germplasm Collection of African Yam (Dioscorea spp) in North Central Nigeria},
  journal = {Journal of Plant Sciences},
  volume = {9},
  number = {6},
  pages = {299-304},
  doi = {10.11648/j.jps.20210906.14},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jps.20210906.14},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jps.20210906.14},
  abstract = {Yams (Dioscorea spp) are staple food crops of the people in tropical and subtropical region of the world. The crop consists of approximately 600 species. These species are threatened by genetic erosion due to several factors such as pest and diseases attack, inadequate improved varieties and dearth of germplasm collection and conservation. On this premise, this research was carried out to collect and manage the available germplasm in North-Central Nigeria. Fifty accessions of yam (Dioscorea spp) were collected from adaptable farmers’ varieties. These were evaluated according to standard descriptors of yam into four (4) species (D. alata, D. bulbifera, D. dumetorum and D. rotundata). The highest germplasm (21) was recorded in Niger state, which was dominated by white yam (D. rotundata). This was followed by Benue state with twenty (20) accessions. Others are three (3) accesssions each from FCT and Kogi State, then two (2) accessions each from Nasarawa and Kwara States. Of the 50 accessions of yam collected, 40% (20) are rare landraces and are at the brim of becoming extinct locally. Phenotypic observation revealed that tuber skin colour varies from light-brown, through dark and milk spotted to dark and dark-brown. The most dominate of these were dark-brown with 60% of the accessions, this was followed by light-brown and the least were 6% which was recorded for dark-milk spotted accessions. Similarly, tuber shape showed that cylindrical dominated with 80% of the accessions and the least was snake shape with only 4% of the accessions. These findings have given some insights on the available germplasm of yam in North-central Nigeria with promising traits. However, there is for a promising approach of characterisation of the crop species in the area for the improvement, conservation and breeding programme of yam in the future.},
 year = {2021}
}

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TY - JOUR
T1 - Phenotypic Variability in Germplasm Collection of African Yam (Dioscorea spp) in North Central Nigeria
AU - Tanko Thomas
AU - Olamide Ahmed Falusi
AU - Oladipupo Abdulazeez Yusuf Daudu
AU - Matthew Omoniyi Adebola
AU - Abdulhakeem Abubakar
Y1 - 2021/11/23
PY - 2021
N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jps.20210906.14
DO - 10.11648/j.jps.20210906.14
T2 - Journal of Plant Sciences
JF - Journal of Plant Sciences
JO - Journal of Plant Sciences
SP - 299
EP - 304
PB - Science Publishing Group
SN - 2331-0731
UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jps.20210906.14
AB - Yams (Dioscorea spp) are staple food crops of the people in tropical and subtropical region of the world. The crop consists of approximately 600 species. These species are threatened by genetic erosion due to several factors such as pest and diseases attack, inadequate improved varieties and dearth of germplasm collection and conservation. On this premise, this research was carried out to collect and manage the available germplasm in North-Central Nigeria. Fifty accessions of yam (Dioscorea spp) were collected from adaptable farmers’ varieties. These were evaluated according to standard descriptors of yam into four (4) species (D. alata, D. bulbifera, D. dumetorum and D. rotundata). The highest germplasm (21) was recorded in Niger state, which was dominated by white yam (D. rotundata). This was followed by Benue state with twenty (20) accessions. Others are three (3) accesssions each from FCT and Kogi State, then two (2) accessions each from Nasarawa and Kwara States. Of the 50 accessions of yam collected, 40% (20) are rare landraces and are at the brim of becoming extinct locally. Phenotypic observation revealed that tuber skin colour varies from light-brown, through dark and milk spotted to dark and dark-brown. The most dominate of these were dark-brown with 60% of the accessions, this was followed by light-brown and the least were 6% which was recorded for dark-milk spotted accessions. Similarly, tuber shape showed that cylindrical dominated with 80% of the accessions and the least was snake shape with only 4% of the accessions. These findings have given some insights on the available germplasm of yam in North-central Nigeria with promising traits. However, there is for a promising approach of characterisation of the crop species in the area for the improvement, conservation and breeding programme of yam in the future.
VL - 9
IS - 6
ER -

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Author Information

Tanko Thomas

Department of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria
Olamide Ahmed Falusi

Department of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria
Oladipupo Abdulazeez Yusuf Daudu

Department of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria
Matthew Omoniyi Adebola

Department of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria
Abdulhakeem Abubakar

Department of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria

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APA Style

Tanko Thomas, Olamide Ahmed Falusi, Oladipupo Abdulazeez Yusuf Daudu, Matthew Omoniyi Adebola, Abdulhakeem Abubakar. (2021). Phenotypic Variability in Germplasm Collection of African Yam (Dioscorea spp) in North Central Nigeria. Journal of Plant Sciences, 9(6), 299-304. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jps.20210906.14

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ACS Style

Tanko Thomas; Olamide Ahmed Falusi; Oladipupo Abdulazeez Yusuf Daudu; Matthew Omoniyi Adebola; Abdulhakeem Abubakar. Phenotypic Variability in Germplasm Collection of African Yam (Dioscorea spp) in North Central Nigeria. J. Plant Sci. 2021, 9(6), 299-304. doi: 10.11648/j.jps.20210906.14

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AMA Style

Tanko Thomas, Olamide Ahmed Falusi, Oladipupo Abdulazeez Yusuf Daudu, Matthew Omoniyi Adebola, Abdulhakeem Abubakar. Phenotypic Variability in Germplasm Collection of African Yam (Dioscorea spp) in North Central Nigeria. J Plant Sci. 2021;9(6):299-304. doi: 10.11648/j.jps.20210906.14

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@article{10.11648/j.jps.20210906.14,
  author = {Tanko Thomas and Olamide Ahmed Falusi and Oladipupo Abdulazeez Yusuf Daudu and Matthew Omoniyi Adebola and Abdulhakeem Abubakar},
  title = {Phenotypic Variability in Germplasm Collection of African Yam (Dioscorea spp) in North Central Nigeria},
  journal = {Journal of Plant Sciences},
  volume = {9},
  number = {6},
  pages = {299-304},
  doi = {10.11648/j.jps.20210906.14},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jps.20210906.14},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jps.20210906.14},
  abstract = {Yams (Dioscorea spp) are staple food crops of the people in tropical and subtropical region of the world. The crop consists of approximately 600 species. These species are threatened by genetic erosion due to several factors such as pest and diseases attack, inadequate improved varieties and dearth of germplasm collection and conservation. On this premise, this research was carried out to collect and manage the available germplasm in North-Central Nigeria. Fifty accessions of yam (Dioscorea spp) were collected from adaptable farmers’ varieties. These were evaluated according to standard descriptors of yam into four (4) species (D. alata, D. bulbifera, D. dumetorum and D. rotundata). The highest germplasm (21) was recorded in Niger state, which was dominated by white yam (D. rotundata). This was followed by Benue state with twenty (20) accessions. Others are three (3) accesssions each from FCT and Kogi State, then two (2) accessions each from Nasarawa and Kwara States. Of the 50 accessions of yam collected, 40% (20) are rare landraces and are at the brim of becoming extinct locally. Phenotypic observation revealed that tuber skin colour varies from light-brown, through dark and milk spotted to dark and dark-brown. The most dominate of these were dark-brown with 60% of the accessions, this was followed by light-brown and the least were 6% which was recorded for dark-milk spotted accessions. Similarly, tuber shape showed that cylindrical dominated with 80% of the accessions and the least was snake shape with only 4% of the accessions. These findings have given some insights on the available germplasm of yam in North-central Nigeria with promising traits. However, there is for a promising approach of characterisation of the crop species in the area for the improvement, conservation and breeding programme of yam in the future.},
 year = {2021}
}

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