Şūfī Language and the Opening of Signification: al-Ḥallāj as an Example

Maḥmūd Na’āmneh

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijla.20221001.18

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Şūfī Language and the Opening of Signification: al-Ḥallāj as an Example

Maḥmūd Na’āmneh

Published in International Journal of Literature and Arts (Volume 10, Issue 1)

Received: 12 December 2021 Accepted: 26 January 2022 Published: 16 February 2022

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Abstract

The present paper studies the use of the Şūfī al-Ḥusayn b. Manşūr al-Ḥallāj as a mask in modern Arabic poetry, specifically the influence this figure exerted on Adūnīs (‘Alī Aḥmad Sa’īd; b. 1930), ‘Abd al-Wahāb al-Bayyātī (1926-1999) and Şalāḥ ‘Abd al-Şabūr (1931-1981). It examines how these poets used al-Ḥallāj’s mask in order to express contemporary national, social and meta-poetical issues. The paper will also demonstrate the intentional use which these poets made of al-Ḥallāj’s sufferings and the story of his crucifixion. They turned him into a saint who died because he refused to give up his values and philosophies in order to express their own sufferings. Contemporary poets, thus, made al-Ḥallāj acquire a new spiritual dimension, quite different from his reputation in Muslim theology, where he had become a symbol of heresy, non-conformism and dissidence. The paper will show the various levels at which “Ḥallāj” thought can be used, whether as a mask and the tale of his execution or Şūfī expressions and ideas that have historically been associated with him

Published in	International Journal of Literature and Arts (Volume 10, Issue 1) This article belongs to the Special Issue The Woman as a Sufi Motif in Modern Arabic Poetry
DOI	10.11648/j.ijla.20221001.18
Page(s)	59-67
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Manşūr al-Ḥallāj, ‘Abd al-Wahāb al-Bayyātī, Şalāḥ ‘Abd al-Şabūr, Adūnīs or ‘Alī Aḥmad Sa’īd, and Mysticism

References

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Maḥmūd Na’āmneh. (2022). Şūfī Language and the Opening of Signification: al-Ḥallāj as an Example. International Journal of Literature and Arts, 10(1), 59-67. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijla.20221001.18

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Maḥmūd Na’āmneh. Şūfī Language and the Opening of Signification: al-Ḥallāj as an Example. Int. J. Lit. Arts 2022, 10(1), 59-67. doi: 10.11648/j.ijla.20221001.18

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AMA Style

Maḥmūd Na’āmneh. Şūfī Language and the Opening of Signification: al-Ḥallāj as an Example. Int J Lit Arts. 2022;10(1):59-67. doi: 10.11648/j.ijla.20221001.18

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@article{10.11648/j.ijla.20221001.18,
  author = {Maḥmūd Na’āmneh},
  title = {Şūfī Language and the Opening of Signification: al-Ḥallāj as an Example},
  journal = {International Journal of Literature and Arts},
  volume = {10},
  number = {1},
  pages = {59-67},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijla.20221001.18},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijla.20221001.18},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijla.20221001.18},
  abstract = {The present paper studies the use of the Şūfī al-Ḥusayn b. Manşūr al-Ḥallāj as a mask in modern Arabic poetry, specifically the influence this figure exerted on Adūnīs (‘Alī Aḥmad Sa’īd; b. 1930), ‘Abd al-Wahāb al-Bayyātī (1926-1999) and Şalāḥ ‘Abd al-Şabūr (1931-1981). It examines how these poets used al-Ḥallāj’s mask in order to express contemporary national, social and meta-poetical issues. The paper will also demonstrate the intentional use which these poets made of al-Ḥallāj’s sufferings and the story of his crucifixion. They turned him into a saint who died because he refused to give up his values and philosophies in order to express their own sufferings. Contemporary poets, thus, made al-Ḥallāj acquire a new spiritual dimension, quite different from his reputation in Muslim theology, where he had become a symbol of heresy, non-conformism and dissidence. The paper will show the various levels at which “Ḥallāj” thought can be used, whether as a mask and the tale of his execution or Şūfī expressions and ideas that have historically been associated with him},
 year = {2022}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Şūfī Language and the Opening of Signification: al-Ḥallāj as an Example
AU  - Maḥmūd Na’āmneh
Y1  - 2022/02/16
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijla.20221001.18
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijla.20221001.18
T2  - International Journal of Literature and Arts
JF  - International Journal of Literature and Arts
JO  - International Journal of Literature and Arts
SP  - 59
EP  - 67
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2331-057X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijla.20221001.18
AB  - The present paper studies the use of the Şūfī al-Ḥusayn b. Manşūr al-Ḥallāj as a mask in modern Arabic poetry, specifically the influence this figure exerted on Adūnīs (‘Alī Aḥmad Sa’īd; b. 1930), ‘Abd al-Wahāb al-Bayyātī (1926-1999) and Şalāḥ ‘Abd al-Şabūr (1931-1981). It examines how these poets used al-Ḥallāj’s mask in order to express contemporary national, social and meta-poetical issues. The paper will also demonstrate the intentional use which these poets made of al-Ḥallāj’s sufferings and the story of his crucifixion. They turned him into a saint who died because he refused to give up his values and philosophies in order to express their own sufferings. Contemporary poets, thus, made al-Ḥallāj acquire a new spiritual dimension, quite different from his reputation in Muslim theology, where he had become a symbol of heresy, non-conformism and dissidence. The paper will show the various levels at which “Ḥallāj” thought can be used, whether as a mask and the tale of his execution or Şūfī expressions and ideas that have historically been associated with him
VL  - 10
IS  - 1
ER  -

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Maḥmūd Na’āmneh

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Maḥmūd Na’āmneh. (2022). Şūfī Language and the Opening of Signification: al-Ḥallāj as an Example. International Journal of Literature and Arts, 10(1), 59-67. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijla.20221001.18

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Maḥmūd Na’āmneh. Şūfī Language and the Opening of Signification: al-Ḥallāj as an Example. Int. J. Lit. Arts 2022, 10(1), 59-67. doi: 10.11648/j.ijla.20221001.18

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AMA Style

Maḥmūd Na’āmneh. Şūfī Language and the Opening of Signification: al-Ḥallāj as an Example. Int J Lit Arts. 2022;10(1):59-67. doi: 10.11648/j.ijla.20221001.18

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@article{10.11648/j.ijla.20221001.18,
  author = {Maḥmūd Na’āmneh},
  title = {Şūfī Language and the Opening of Signification: al-Ḥallāj as an Example},
  journal = {International Journal of Literature and Arts},
  volume = {10},
  number = {1},
  pages = {59-67},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijla.20221001.18},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijla.20221001.18},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijla.20221001.18},
  abstract = {The present paper studies the use of the Şūfī al-Ḥusayn b. Manşūr al-Ḥallāj as a mask in modern Arabic poetry, specifically the influence this figure exerted on Adūnīs (‘Alī Aḥmad Sa’īd; b. 1930), ‘Abd al-Wahāb al-Bayyātī (1926-1999) and Şalāḥ ‘Abd al-Şabūr (1931-1981). It examines how these poets used al-Ḥallāj’s mask in order to express contemporary national, social and meta-poetical issues. The paper will also demonstrate the intentional use which these poets made of al-Ḥallāj’s sufferings and the story of his crucifixion. They turned him into a saint who died because he refused to give up his values and philosophies in order to express their own sufferings. Contemporary poets, thus, made al-Ḥallāj acquire a new spiritual dimension, quite different from his reputation in Muslim theology, where he had become a symbol of heresy, non-conformism and dissidence. The paper will show the various levels at which “Ḥallāj” thought can be used, whether as a mask and the tale of his execution or Şūfī expressions and ideas that have historically been associated with him},
 year = {2022}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Şūfī Language and the Opening of Signification: al-Ḥallāj as an Example
AU  - Maḥmūd Na’āmneh
Y1  - 2022/02/16
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijla.20221001.18
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijla.20221001.18
T2  - International Journal of Literature and Arts
JF  - International Journal of Literature and Arts
JO  - International Journal of Literature and Arts
SP  - 59
EP  - 67
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2331-057X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijla.20221001.18
AB  - The present paper studies the use of the Şūfī al-Ḥusayn b. Manşūr al-Ḥallāj as a mask in modern Arabic poetry, specifically the influence this figure exerted on Adūnīs (‘Alī Aḥmad Sa’īd; b. 1930), ‘Abd al-Wahāb al-Bayyātī (1926-1999) and Şalāḥ ‘Abd al-Şabūr (1931-1981). It examines how these poets used al-Ḥallāj’s mask in order to express contemporary national, social and meta-poetical issues. The paper will also demonstrate the intentional use which these poets made of al-Ḥallāj’s sufferings and the story of his crucifixion. They turned him into a saint who died because he refused to give up his values and philosophies in order to express their own sufferings. Contemporary poets, thus, made al-Ḥallāj acquire a new spiritual dimension, quite different from his reputation in Muslim theology, where he had become a symbol of heresy, non-conformism and dissidence. The paper will show the various levels at which “Ḥallāj” thought can be used, whether as a mask and the tale of his execution or Şūfī expressions and ideas that have historically been associated with him
VL  - 10
IS  - 1
ER  -

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