Population Dynamics and Africa’s Poise for Post-COVID-19 Growth: Panel Data Analysis

Ayoola Femi Joshua; Gbadamosi Idris Isaac; Odularu Gbadebo Olusegun; Ikem Fidelis

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajtas.20221103.13

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Population Dynamics and Africa’s Poise for Post-COVID-19 Growth: Panel Data Analysis

Ayoola Femi Joshua, Gbadamosi Idris Isaac, Odularu Gbadebo Olusegun, Ikem Fidelis

Published in American Journal of Theoretical and Applied Statistics (Volume 11, Issue 3)

Received: 9 April 2022 Accepted: 3 May 2022 Published: 8 June 2022

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Abstract

The outbreak of COVID-19 has led to an unprecedented impact on the health, population growth, and economic development of countries globally. The government in most countries came up with measures to curtail the spread of this deadly virus not minding its impacts on their economic growth and population growth. This study examined the relationship between Population Dynamics (PD) and Economic Growth (EG) in twenty-five selected African countries using panel data spanning from 1993 to 2020. Levin, Lin, and Chu test and Lm, Pesaran, and Shin W-stat were used to determine the stationarity conditions of the variables. Also, the pooled mean autoregressive distributed lag model was used to determine the short-run and long-run relationship existing among the variables while the Granger causality test was adopted to determine the direction of the relationship between the dependent and independent variables. The outcome of research findings showed that Levin, Lin, and Chu test and Lm, Pesaran, and Shin W-stat test reveal that the variables were stationery at different orders and the pooled mean autoregressive distributed lag model analysis reveals there are short run and long-run relationships between economic EG and PD. The Granger causality analysis reveals the bidirectional causality between EG and PD. It has shown that PD has a significant impact on EG with the birth rate having a long-run relationship with GDP per Capita which implies that when the economy is booming or viable, there is every tendency that the population will increase through birth rate in a long run in these developing African countries.

Published in	American Journal of Theoretical and Applied Statistics (Volume 11, Issue 3)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajtas.20221103.13
Page(s)	94-101
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Economic Growth, Population Dynamics, African Countries, Panel Data, Granger Causality

References

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APA Style

Ayoola Femi Joshua, Gbadamosi Idris Isaac, Odularu Gbadebo Olusegun, Ikem Fidelis. (2022). Population Dynamics and Africa’s Poise for Post-COVID-19 Growth: Panel Data Analysis. American Journal of Theoretical and Applied Statistics, 11(3), 94-101. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtas.20221103.13

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ACS Style

Ayoola Femi Joshua; Gbadamosi Idris Isaac; Odularu Gbadebo Olusegun; Ikem Fidelis. Population Dynamics and Africa’s Poise for Post-COVID-19 Growth: Panel Data Analysis. Am. J. Theor. Appl. Stat. 2022, 11(3), 94-101. doi: 10.11648/j.ajtas.20221103.13

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AMA Style

Ayoola Femi Joshua, Gbadamosi Idris Isaac, Odularu Gbadebo Olusegun, Ikem Fidelis. Population Dynamics and Africa’s Poise for Post-COVID-19 Growth: Panel Data Analysis. Am J Theor Appl Stat. 2022;11(3):94-101. doi: 10.11648/j.ajtas.20221103.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ajtas.20221103.13,
  author = {Ayoola Femi Joshua and Gbadamosi Idris Isaac and Odularu Gbadebo Olusegun and Ikem Fidelis},
  title = {Population Dynamics and Africa’s Poise for Post-COVID-19 Growth: Panel Data Analysis},
  journal = {American Journal of Theoretical and Applied Statistics},
  volume = {11},
  number = {3},
  pages = {94-101},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajtas.20221103.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtas.20221103.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajtas.20221103.13},
  abstract = {The outbreak of COVID-19 has led to an unprecedented impact on the health, population growth, and economic development of countries globally. The government in most countries came up with measures to curtail the spread of this deadly virus not minding its impacts on their economic growth and population growth. This study examined the relationship between Population Dynamics (PD) and Economic Growth (EG) in twenty-five selected African countries using panel data spanning from 1993 to 2020. Levin, Lin, and Chu test and Lm, Pesaran, and Shin W-stat were used to determine the stationarity conditions of the variables. Also, the pooled mean autoregressive distributed lag model was used to determine the short-run and long-run relationship existing among the variables while the Granger causality test was adopted to determine the direction of the relationship between the dependent and independent variables. The outcome of research findings showed that Levin, Lin, and Chu test and Lm, Pesaran, and Shin W-stat test reveal that the variables were stationery at different orders and the pooled mean autoregressive distributed lag model analysis reveals there are short run and long-run relationships between economic EG and PD. The Granger causality analysis reveals the bidirectional causality between EG and PD. It has shown that PD has a significant impact on EG with the birth rate having a long-run relationship with GDP per Capita which implies that when the economy is booming or viable, there is every tendency that the population will increase through birth rate in a long run in these developing African countries.},
 year = {2022}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Population Dynamics and Africa’s Poise for Post-COVID-19 Growth: Panel Data Analysis
AU  - Ayoola Femi Joshua
AU  - Gbadamosi Idris Isaac
AU  - Odularu Gbadebo Olusegun
AU  - Ikem Fidelis
Y1  - 2022/06/08
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtas.20221103.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajtas.20221103.13
T2  - American Journal of Theoretical and Applied Statistics
JF  - American Journal of Theoretical and Applied Statistics
JO  - American Journal of Theoretical and Applied Statistics
SP  - 94
EP  - 101
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2326-9006
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtas.20221103.13
AB  - The outbreak of COVID-19 has led to an unprecedented impact on the health, population growth, and economic development of countries globally. The government in most countries came up with measures to curtail the spread of this deadly virus not minding its impacts on their economic growth and population growth. This study examined the relationship between Population Dynamics (PD) and Economic Growth (EG) in twenty-five selected African countries using panel data spanning from 1993 to 2020. Levin, Lin, and Chu test and Lm, Pesaran, and Shin W-stat were used to determine the stationarity conditions of the variables. Also, the pooled mean autoregressive distributed lag model was used to determine the short-run and long-run relationship existing among the variables while the Granger causality test was adopted to determine the direction of the relationship between the dependent and independent variables. The outcome of research findings showed that Levin, Lin, and Chu test and Lm, Pesaran, and Shin W-stat test reveal that the variables were stationery at different orders and the pooled mean autoregressive distributed lag model analysis reveals there are short run and long-run relationships between economic EG and PD. The Granger causality analysis reveals the bidirectional causality between EG and PD. It has shown that PD has a significant impact on EG with the birth rate having a long-run relationship with GDP per Capita which implies that when the economy is booming or viable, there is every tendency that the population will increase through birth rate in a long run in these developing African countries.
VL  - 11
IS  - 3
ER  -

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Author Information

Ayoola Femi Joshua

College of Business, Jackson State University, Jackson, USA
Gbadamosi Idris Isaac

Department of Statistics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
Odularu Gbadebo Olusegun

Department, of Economics, Business and Finance, Bay Atlantic University (BAU), Washington DC, USA
Ikem Fidelis

College of Business, Jackson State University, Jackson, USA

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APA Style

Ayoola Femi Joshua, Gbadamosi Idris Isaac, Odularu Gbadebo Olusegun, Ikem Fidelis. (2022). Population Dynamics and Africa’s Poise for Post-COVID-19 Growth: Panel Data Analysis. American Journal of Theoretical and Applied Statistics, 11(3), 94-101. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtas.20221103.13

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ACS Style

Ayoola Femi Joshua; Gbadamosi Idris Isaac; Odularu Gbadebo Olusegun; Ikem Fidelis. Population Dynamics and Africa’s Poise for Post-COVID-19 Growth: Panel Data Analysis. Am. J. Theor. Appl. Stat. 2022, 11(3), 94-101. doi: 10.11648/j.ajtas.20221103.13

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AMA Style

Ayoola Femi Joshua, Gbadamosi Idris Isaac, Odularu Gbadebo Olusegun, Ikem Fidelis. Population Dynamics and Africa’s Poise for Post-COVID-19 Growth: Panel Data Analysis. Am J Theor Appl Stat. 2022;11(3):94-101. doi: 10.11648/j.ajtas.20221103.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ajtas.20221103.13,
  author = {Ayoola Femi Joshua and Gbadamosi Idris Isaac and Odularu Gbadebo Olusegun and Ikem Fidelis},
  title = {Population Dynamics and Africa’s Poise for Post-COVID-19 Growth: Panel Data Analysis},
  journal = {American Journal of Theoretical and Applied Statistics},
  volume = {11},
  number = {3},
  pages = {94-101},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajtas.20221103.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtas.20221103.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajtas.20221103.13},
  abstract = {The outbreak of COVID-19 has led to an unprecedented impact on the health, population growth, and economic development of countries globally. The government in most countries came up with measures to curtail the spread of this deadly virus not minding its impacts on their economic growth and population growth. This study examined the relationship between Population Dynamics (PD) and Economic Growth (EG) in twenty-five selected African countries using panel data spanning from 1993 to 2020. Levin, Lin, and Chu test and Lm, Pesaran, and Shin W-stat were used to determine the stationarity conditions of the variables. Also, the pooled mean autoregressive distributed lag model was used to determine the short-run and long-run relationship existing among the variables while the Granger causality test was adopted to determine the direction of the relationship between the dependent and independent variables. The outcome of research findings showed that Levin, Lin, and Chu test and Lm, Pesaran, and Shin W-stat test reveal that the variables were stationery at different orders and the pooled mean autoregressive distributed lag model analysis reveals there are short run and long-run relationships between economic EG and PD. The Granger causality analysis reveals the bidirectional causality between EG and PD. It has shown that PD has a significant impact on EG with the birth rate having a long-run relationship with GDP per Capita which implies that when the economy is booming or viable, there is every tendency that the population will increase through birth rate in a long run in these developing African countries.},
 year = {2022}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Population Dynamics and Africa’s Poise for Post-COVID-19 Growth: Panel Data Analysis
AU  - Ayoola Femi Joshua
AU  - Gbadamosi Idris Isaac
AU  - Odularu Gbadebo Olusegun
AU  - Ikem Fidelis
Y1  - 2022/06/08
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtas.20221103.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajtas.20221103.13
T2  - American Journal of Theoretical and Applied Statistics
JF  - American Journal of Theoretical and Applied Statistics
JO  - American Journal of Theoretical and Applied Statistics
SP  - 94
EP  - 101
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2326-9006
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtas.20221103.13
AB  - The outbreak of COVID-19 has led to an unprecedented impact on the health, population growth, and economic development of countries globally. The government in most countries came up with measures to curtail the spread of this deadly virus not minding its impacts on their economic growth and population growth. This study examined the relationship between Population Dynamics (PD) and Economic Growth (EG) in twenty-five selected African countries using panel data spanning from 1993 to 2020. Levin, Lin, and Chu test and Lm, Pesaran, and Shin W-stat were used to determine the stationarity conditions of the variables. Also, the pooled mean autoregressive distributed lag model was used to determine the short-run and long-run relationship existing among the variables while the Granger causality test was adopted to determine the direction of the relationship between the dependent and independent variables. The outcome of research findings showed that Levin, Lin, and Chu test and Lm, Pesaran, and Shin W-stat test reveal that the variables were stationery at different orders and the pooled mean autoregressive distributed lag model analysis reveals there are short run and long-run relationships between economic EG and PD. The Granger causality analysis reveals the bidirectional causality between EG and PD. It has shown that PD has a significant impact on EG with the birth rate having a long-run relationship with GDP per Capita which implies that when the economy is booming or viable, there is every tendency that the population will increase through birth rate in a long run in these developing African countries.
VL  - 11
IS  - 3
ER  -

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